Countries · China (mainland)国家地区 · 中国大陆

Where can AI data centres be built in mainland China, and how do the national hub plan, PUE caps and climate shape the cooling?中国大陆哪里建得起 AI 数据中心?国家枢纽布局、PUE 上限和气候怎样影响冷却选择?

China's computing centres drew about 19 GW on average in 2025.2025 年中国算力中心平均负荷约 19 GW。

New large sites go first to eight hubs at PUE ≤ 1.2.新建大型项目优先进入 PUE 不高于 1.2 的 8 个枢纽节点。

Sources checked 2026-10-30; climate from hourly observations 2020–2024来源核查 2026-10-30;气候来自 2020–2024 年逐时观测Our conversion from NEA TWh (÷ 8,760 h)本站由国家能源局用电量换算(÷ 8,760 小时)

Build scale: 6 sourced facts建设规模:6 条有来源 Policies: 6 sourced facts政策:6 条有来源 Efficiency rules: 8 sourced facts能效要求:8 条有来源 Power: 4 sourced facts电力:4 条有来源 Water: 3 sourced facts水:3 条有来源Climate: 2 weather stations, 2020–2024气候:2 个气象站,2020–2024

PUE requirement or targetPUE 要求或目标

≤ 1.2≤ 1.2

PUE of no more than 1.2 for national hub-node data-centre projects, set for the end of 2025 in the 2024 action plan; new large sites elsewhere have a 1.25 target2024 年行动计划要求国家枢纽节点数据中心项目 PUE 不高于 1.2(2025 年底);其他新建大型数据中心的目标为 1.25

Action-plan rule, national hub-node projects行动计划要求,国家枢纽节点项目source来源

WUE requirement or targetWUE 要求或目标

None found未找到

No numeric WUE limit in the sources read here; the national action plan asks for water-saving evaluation of new and expanded projects and plans water-quota standards所读来源中未找到 WUE 数值上限;全国行动计划要求对新建及改扩建项目开展节水评价,并将制定用水定额标准

None found in the sources read here所读来源中未找到source来源

Power build-out电力建设规模

≈19GW

Average load of China's computing centres in 2025 (170 TWh ÷ 8,760 h; NEA data, this site's conversion, not connected, peak or IT capacity); the NEA expects about 800 TWh in 2030 (≈91 GW average)2025 年中国算力中心平均负荷(1,700 亿千瓦时 ÷ 8,760 小时;国家能源局数据,本站换算,不是接入容量、峰值或 IT 容量);国家能源局预计 2030 年约 8,000 亿千瓦时(平均约 91 GW)

Actual use, converted to average load实际用电,换算为平均负荷source来源

Biggest constraint最大约束

Location and PUE rules选址与能效规则

The biggest constraint is where and how efficiently you may build: new large and hyperscale data centres should go first to the eight national hub nodes, where projects must not exceed PUE 1.2 and new sites were to take over 80% green power by the end of 2025; in principle, a city whose data centres are less than 50% occupied gets no new large projects.最大约束是在哪里建、以多高能效建:新建大型和超大型数据中心应优先布局在 8 个国家枢纽节点,枢纽项目 PUE 不得高于 1.2,新建数据中心绿电占比到 2025 年底应超过 80%;数据中心整体上架率低于 50% 的城市,原则上不再规划新的大型项目。

Our reading of the sourced rules本站对有来源规则的解读Second: electricity price其次:电价source来源
Average load of China's computing centres: 2025 actual and 2030 forecast (GW, from NEA electricity figures)中国算力中心平均负荷:2025 年实际与 2030 年预测(GW,按国家能源局用电量换算)
2025, actual (170 TWh)2025 年,实际(1,700 亿千瓦时) 19.4 GW19.4 GW2030, NEA forecast (about 800 TWh)2030 年,国家能源局预测(约 8,000 亿千瓦时) ~91.3 GW (forecast)约 91.3 GW(预测)
2025, actual2025 年实际 19.4 GW2030, forecast2030 年预测 ~91.3 GW
Solid: actual. Hollow: NEA forecast. Both bars are average load converted from the NEA's electricity use (TWh ÷ 8,760 h; NEA data, this site's conversion), not connected, peak or IT capacity.实心:实际。空心:国家能源局预测。两柱均为由国家能源局用电量换算的平均负荷(TWh ÷ 8,760 小时;国家能源局数据,本站换算),不是接入容量、峰值或 IT 容量。
The NEA states electricity use in TWh (170 TWh in 2025, about 800 TWh forecast for 2030). This site converts to average load by dividing by 8,760 hours (TWh ÷ 8.76); it is not connected capacity, peak demand or IT load. No official MW or GW total for China's data centres was found in the sources read here; MIIT reports racks and EFLOPS instead.国家能源局以用电量公布(2025 年 1,700 亿千瓦时,2030 年预测约 8,000 亿千瓦时)。本站除以 8,760 小时换算为平均负荷(TWh ÷ 8.76);不是接入容量、峰值需求或 IT 负荷。所读来源中未找到中国数据中心官方 MW 或 GW 合计;工信部以机架和 EFLOPS 计。

Thermal meaning热管理含义

Policy, efficiency, power and water政策、能效、电力与用水

Policies政策

  • "East Data, West Computing": NDRC, CAC, MIIT and NEA approved eight national computing hub nodes (Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Greater Bay Area, Chengdu-Chongqing, Inner Mongolia, Guizhou, Gansu, Ningxia) and ten national data-centre clusters, Zhangjiakou among them.“东数西算”:国家发展改革委、中央网信办、工信部、国家能源局同意在京津冀、长三角、粤港澳大湾区、成渝、内蒙古、贵州、甘肃、宁夏建设 8 个国家算力枢纽节点,并规划张家口集群等 10 个国家数据中心集群。 in force (policy)生效(政策) 2022-02-17 source来源
  • The 2024 Data Centre Green and Low-Carbon Action Plan (NDRC, MIIT, NEA, NDA) makes the hub layout a firm constraint: new large and hyperscale data centres should be placed first within the national hub clusters.2024 年《数据中心绿色低碳发展专项行动计划》(国家发展改革委、工信部、国家能源局、国家数据局)强化“东数西算”布局刚性约束:新建大型和超大型数据中心应优先布局在国家枢纽节点数据中心集群范围内。 in force (policy)生效(政策) 2024-07-03 source来源
  • In principle, no new cluster or large data-centre project is planned in a city whose data centres in use for over a year are less than 50% occupied.市域内已建成投用 1 年以上的数据中心整体上架率低于 50% 的,原则上不再规划建设新的数据中心集群及大型和超大型数据中心项目。 in force (policy)生效(政策) 2024-07-03 source来源
  • Target for the end of 2025: hub-node regions provide more than 60% of the country's new computing capacity.到 2025 年底,国家枢纽节点地区各类新增算力占全国新增算力的 60% 以上(目标)。 target目标 2025-12-31 source来源
  • The 15th Five-Year Plan for the new power system (NDRC and NEA, August 2026) adds power–computing coordination: "use power to strengthen computing, use computing to promote power" and raise the green-power share of computing facilities (no numeric share stated in the report read here).《新型电力系统建设“十五五”规划》(国家发展改革委、国家能源局,2026 年 8 月)提出算电协同:“做到以电强算、以算促电”“提高算力设施绿电占比”(所读报道未给出比例数值)。 in force (policy)生效(政策) 2026-08-03 source来源
  • By 2030, waste-heat use from new large data centres in the northern heating regions should rise markedly (no number given).到 2030 年底,北方采暖地区新建大型及以上数据中心余热利用率明显提升(未给数值)。 target目标 2030-12-31 source来源

Efficiency rules能效要求

  • National target for the end of 2025: average data-centre PUE below 1.5 and overall rack occupancy of at least 60%.全国目标:到 2025 年底,数据中心平均电能利用效率(PUE)降至 1.5 以下,整体上架率不低于 60%。 target目标 2025-12-31 source来源
  • By the end of 2025, new and expanded large and hyperscale data centres should reach PUE 1.25 or below.到 2025 年底,新建及改扩建大型和超大型数据中心 PUE 降至 1.25 以内。 target目标 2025-12-31 source来源
  • Data-centre projects in the national hub nodes must not exceed PUE 1.2 ("不得高于", a requirement set for the end of 2025 in the 2024 action plan, which also calls for strict energy-conservation review of new projects).国家枢纽节点数据中心项目 PUE 不得高于 1.2(2024 年行动计划定于 2025 年底的要求;计划同时要求严格新上项目节能审查)。 in force (policy)生效(政策) 2025-12-31 source来源
  • Average PUE of the country's computing centres fell to 1.42 by the end of June 2025 (MIIT data).截至 2025 年 6 月底,全国算力中心平均 PUE 降至 1.42(工信部数据)。 actual实际 2025-06-30 source来源
  • The government will study tiered electricity prices for existing data centres below the energy-saving level and for new ones below the advanced level, scaled by the efficiency gap (a study, not yet a national tariff).国家将研究对能效低于节能水平的存量数据中心和能效未达到先进水平的在建、拟建数据中心,依据能效差距执行阶梯电价(研究阶段,尚非全国电价政策)。 planned计划 2024-07-03 source来源
  • Shanghai (2022 plan, 沪经信节〔2022〕918号): new data centres PUE no higher than 1.3 during the 14th Five-Year Plan, large data centres in the Yangtze River Delta hub below 1.25; for 2026–2030, new data centres aim for below 1.25 and retrofitted existing ones for no higher than 1.4.上海(2022 年方案,沪经信节〔2022〕918 号):“十四五”期间新建数据中心 PUE 不高于 1.3,长三角枢纽节点大型数据中心降至 1.25 以下;“十五五”期间新建数据中心 PUE 力争 1.25 以下,既有数据中心改造后力争不高于 1.4。 target目标 2022-11 source来源
  • Beijing: existing data centres using 5 GWh or more a year must meet the PUE limit of 1.35 in local standard DB11/T 1139-2023; the city aims for an annual average PUE below 1.35 by 2027.北京:年用电 500 万千瓦时及以上的存量数据中心,实际 PUE 应满足地方标准《数据中心能源效率限额》(DB11/T 1139-2023)的限定值 1.35;目标是到 2027 年年均 PUE 降至 1.35 以下。 in force生效中 2024-11-15 source来源
  • Beijing: from 2026, data centres whose previous-year PUE exceeds the limit pay a surcharge of 0.2 yuan per kWh on the share of electricity above the limit (0.5 yuan per kWh above PUE 1.7, the point the rule's note computes as 1 + (1.35 − 1) × 2); the scheme covers existing data centres using 5 GWh or more a year.北京:自 2026 年起,上一年度实际 PUE 超过限定值的数据中心,超限定值部分电量每千瓦时加价 0.2 元(超过 PUE 1.7,即规则所定义的“限定值一倍”,加价 0.5 元);方案适用于年用电 500 万千瓦时及以上的存量数据中心。 in force from 2026-01-01自 2026-01-01 生效 2024-11-15 source来源

Power电力

  • By the end of 2025, more than 80% of the electricity of new data centres in the national hub nodes should be green power.到 2025 年底,国家枢纽节点新建数据中心绿电占比超过 80%。 target目标 2025-12-31 source来源
  • New data centres in the national hub nodes already carry a green-power consumption share requirement; the renewable-consumption Measures (NDRC Order No. 42) that extend such targets to key energy-using sectors apply from 1 August 2026.国家枢纽节点新建数据中心已有绿色电力消费比例要求;把消费最低比重目标扩展到重点用能行业的《可再生能源消费最低比重目标和可再生能源电力消纳责任权重制度实施办法》(国家发展改革委等令第 42 号)自 2026 年 8 月 1 日起施行。 in force生效中 2026-06-22 source来源
  • The NEA says new data centres in Horinger (Inner Mongolia), Qingyang (Gansu) and other such places already take more than 80% of their electricity from green power.国家能源局称,内蒙古和林格尔、甘肃庆阳等地新建数据中心的绿电消费占比已超过 80%。 actual实际 2026-05-26 source来源
  • The action plan supports "data-power joint operation": power plants may supply new data centres with electricity, steam and water.行动计划支持探索“数电联营”模式,支持电厂为新建数据中心提供电力、蒸汽、水等资源服务。 guideline指引 2024-07-03 source来源

Water水

  • New and expanded data-centre projects get a stronger water-saving evaluation, to raise water-use efficiency while securing reasonable water demand; no numeric WUE limit is set in the plan.加强新建及改扩建数据中心项目节水评价工作,提升水资源利用效率,保证合理用水需求;行动计划未设 WUE 数值上限。 guideline指引 2024-07-03 source来源
  • National standards for data-centre water-saving evaluation, water-use quotas and water-saving enterprises are to be set up.将建立数据中心节水评价、用水定额、节水型企业等标准。 planned计划 2024-07-03 source来源
  • Siting of AI computing centres should weigh their new energy and water demand against local resources.引导智算中心规范化建设时,综合考虑数据中心新增用能用水需求和资源保障能力。 guideline指引 2024-07-03 source来源

Projects项目

Company公司Place地点As stated by the company公司表述Kind类型Source来源
Alibaba GroupChina and overseas (company total)中国及海外(公司合计)At least RMB 380 billion over three years for cloud and AI infrastructure (a plan; no MW stated; not China-only)未来三年至少投入人民币 3,800 亿元用于云计算和 AI 基础设施(计划;未写 MW;不限于中国)investment投资link链接
GDS HoldingsMainland China (company portfolio)中国内地(公司组合)784,802 m² committed and pre-committed at 30 June 2026, up 18.2% in a year (stated as floor area; MW not stated in the filing)截至 2026 年 6 月 30 日已承诺及预承诺面积 784,802 平方米,同比增长 18.2%(按面积公布;公告未写 MW)capacity容量link链接
China DatangZhongwei, Ningxia (hub node)宁夏中卫(枢纽节点)2 GW (200万千瓦) renewable generation project supplying green power to the Datang Zhongwei cloud-base data centre (generation capacity, not data-centre load; photo caption)为大唐中卫云基地数据中心供应绿电的 200 万千瓦新能源项目(发电装机,不是数据中心负荷;图片说明)capacity容量link链接

Capacity and investment are different measures and are never added. Capacities are the companies' own figures, with their qualifiers.容量和投资是不同的量,不相加。容量为公司自己的数字,保留其限定词。

What is not covered: 未覆盖:Chinese government websites (gov.cn, ndrc.gov.cn, miit.gov.cn, scio.gov.cn, nda.gov.cn, the Beijing and Shanghai portals and openstd.samr.gov.cn) and news.cn did not answer automated requests from here, so official documents were read from Internet Archive copies of the same files, recorded as the source links. No official MW or GW total of China's data-centre capacity was found in the sources read here: MIIT reports standard racks and EFLOPS, and the NEA reports electricity in TWh. No numeric national WUE limit was found; the action plan asks only for water-saving evaluation and future water-quota standards. The full text of the 15th Five-Year power-system plan and of the 2022 hub approval letters (with each cluster's PUE and occupancy terms) was not read; the 2026 rack count (reported in the press as about 15.56 million) was not confirmed from an official source. The mandatory national standard GB 40879-2021 and the voluntary GB/T 48023-2026 (cold-plate liquid cooling) could not be opened on the standards portal, so they are not listed. No Beijing rule for new builds dated after 2021 was read.中国政府网站(gov.cn、ndrc.gov.cn、miit.gov.cn、scio.gov.cn、nda.gov.cn、北京和上海门户及 openstd.samr.gov.cn)和新华网未响应本次自动请求,因此官方文件读自互联网档案馆保存的同一文件副本,来源链接记录为该副本。所读来源中未找到中国数据中心容量的官方 MW 或 GW 合计:工信部以标准机架和 EFLOPS 计,国家能源局以用电量(TWh)计。未找到全国性 WUE 数值上限;行动计划只要求节水评价并将制定用水定额标准。未读到《新型电力系统建设“十五五”规划》全文和 2022 年枢纽批复函全文(含各集群 PUE 和上架率条件);2026 年机架数(媒体报道约 1,556 万架)未能从官方来源确认。强制性国家标准 GB 40879-2021 和推荐性标准 GB/T 48023-2026(冷板式液冷)未能在标准平台打开,因此未列入。未读到 2021 年之后北京针对新建项目的规则。
Database view: every China (mainland) number and fact on this page, with its source wording数据库视图:本页全部中国大陆数字和事实及来源原文62 rows62 行
Showing显示 62Quotes are the source's own wording. Main series: The NEA states electricity use in TWh (170 TWh in 2025, about 800 TWh forecast for 2030). This site converts to average load by dividing by 8,760 hours (TWh ÷ 8.76); it is not connected capacity, peak demand or IT load. No official MW or GW total for China's data centres was found in the sources read here; MIIT reports racks and EFLOPS instead. Climate rows: hours a year (2020–2024 average) a dry cooler alone can make the water, from NOAA hourly observations, assuming the dry cooler supplies the facility water directly (a plate heat exchanger in between adds its own approach, so fewer hours). Missing hours are scaled from the observed share of each year to 8,760 hours.引文为来源原文。主序列:国家能源局以用电量公布(2025 年 1,700 亿千瓦时,2030 年预测约 8,000 亿千瓦时)。本站除以 8,760 小时换算为平均负荷(TWh ÷ 8.76);不是接入容量、峰值需求或 IT 负荷。所读来源中未找到中国数据中心官方 MW 或 GW 合计;工信部以机架和 EFLOPS 计。气候行:仅靠干冷器即可制水的年小时数(2020–2024 年平均),来自 NOAA 逐时观测,假设干冷器直接供设施水(中间若有板式换热器,会再增加其接近温差,小时数更少)。缺测小时按每年已观测的比例折算为 8,760 小时。
Field字段Fact事实Status状态Date日期Source wording来源原文Source来源
Build scale建设规模Average load of China's computing centres: 2025 actual and 2030 forecast (GW, from NEA electricity figures)中国算力中心平均负荷:2025 年实际与 2030 年预测(GW,按国家能源局用电量换算): 2025, actual (170 TWh)2025 年,实际(1,700 亿千瓦时), 19 GWactual实际2026-05-27全国算力中心总用电量达1700亿千瓦时link链接
Build scale建设规模Average load of China's computing centres: 2025 actual and 2030 forecast (GW, from NEA electricity figures)中国算力中心平均负荷:2025 年实际与 2030 年预测(GW,按国家能源局用电量换算): 2030, NEA forecast (about 800 TWh)2030 年,国家能源局预测(约 8,000 亿千瓦时), about 91.3约 91.3 GWforecast预测2026-05-27到2030年预计达8000亿千瓦时link链接
Build scale建设规模The National Energy Administration says China's computing centres used 170 TWh of electricity in 2025, 1.6% of national electricity use. Spread over 8,760 hours that is an average load of about 19 GW (this site's conversion, not an NEA figure; not connected or IT capacity).国家能源局称,2025 年全国算力中心总用电量 1,700 亿千瓦时(170 TWh),占全社会用电量的 1.6%。按 8,760 小时平均,约合 19 GW 平均负荷(本站换算,不是国家能源局数字;不是接入容量或 IT 容量)。actual实际2025全国算力中心总用电量达1700亿千瓦时,占全社会用电量的1.6% Stated by the NEA at a national meeting on 26 May 2026, as reported by People's Daily Overseas Edition on Xinhua's site (archived copy).国家能源局在 2026 年 5 月 26 日全国会议上的表述,据新华网转载的人民日报海外版报道(存档副本)。link链接
Build scale建设规模The NEA expects computing electricity use to grow by more than 100 TWh a year during the 15th Five-Year Plan (2026–2030), reaching about 800 TWh in 2030, about 6% of national use (about 91 GW average load, this site's conversion).国家能源局预计“十五五”时期全国算力用电量年均新增 1,000 亿千瓦时以上,到 2030 年约 8,000 亿千瓦时,占全社会用电量约 6%(约合 91 GW 平均负荷,本站换算)。forecast预测2026-05-26预计“十五五”时期全国算力用电量年均新增1000亿千瓦时以上,到2030年预计达8000亿千瓦时,占全社会用电量6%左右link链接
Build scale建设规模Computing electricity use in the eight national hub nodes is the main source of growth, rising about 39.5% a year on average over the last three years.全国一体化算力网络 8 大枢纽节点的算力用电是增量主力,近 3 年平均增长率约 39.5%。actual实际2026-05-26全国一体化算力网络8大枢纽节点算力用电成为增量主力,近3年平均增长率约为39.5%link链接
Build scale建设规模MIIT figures: 10.85 million standard racks in use at computing centres at the end of June 2025, and 788 EFLOPS of AI computing. The official figures are in racks and EFLOPS; no MW total is stated, and this site does not convert them.工信部数据:截至 2025 年 6 月底,在用算力中心标准机架 1,085 万架,智能算力规模 788 EFLOPS。官方数字以机架和 EFLOPS 计;未给出 MW 合计,本站不作换算。actual实际2025-06-30截至今年6月底,我国在用算力中心标准机架达1085万架,智能算力规模达788EFLOPS Data released at the 2025 China Computing Power Conference, as reported by Science and Technology Daily.2025 中国算力大会发布的数据,据科技日报报道。link链接
Build scale建设规模AI computing reached 2,185 EFLOPS (FP16) at the end of June 2026, up 177% in a year; computing facilities were 71.4% occupied (rack utilisation).截至 2026 年 6 月底,智能算力规模达 2,185 EFLOPS(FP16),同比增长 177%;全国算力设施整体上架率 71.4%。actual实际2026-06-30截至6月底,智能算力规模达2185EFLOPS(FP16),同比增长177%;全国算力设施整体上架率达71.4% MIIT at the State Council Information Office briefing of 20 July 2026, as reported by Xinhua (archived copy).工信部在 2026 年 7 月 20 日国新办发布会上的表述,据新华社报道(存档副本)。link链接
Build scale建设规模By 2025 China had built 42 AI clusters of 10,000 accelerator cards or more (NEA).截至 2025 年,我国已建成 42 个万卡级智算集群(国家能源局)。actual实际20252025年,我国已建成42个万卡级智算集群link链接
Policies政策"East Data, West Computing": NDRC, CAC, MIIT and NEA approved eight national computing hub nodes (Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Greater Bay Area, Chengdu-Chongqing, Inner Mongolia, Guizhou, Gansu, Ningxia) and ten national data-centre clusters, Zhangjiakou among them.“东数西算”:国家发展改革委、中央网信办、工信部、国家能源局同意在京津冀、长三角、粤港澳大湾区、成渝、内蒙古、贵州、甘肃、宁夏建设 8 个国家算力枢纽节点,并规划张家口集群等 10 个国家数据中心集群。in force (policy)生效(政策)2022-02-17同意在京津冀、长三角、粤港澳大湾区、成渝、内蒙古、贵州、甘肃、宁夏启动建设国家算力枢纽节点,并规划了张家口集群等10个国家数据中心集群link链接
Policies政策The 2024 Data Centre Green and Low-Carbon Action Plan (NDRC, MIIT, NEA, NDA) makes the hub layout a firm constraint: new large and hyperscale data centres should be placed first within the national hub clusters.2024 年《数据中心绿色低碳发展专项行动计划》(国家发展改革委、工信部、国家能源局、国家数据局)强化“东数西算”布局刚性约束:新建大型和超大型数据中心应优先布局在国家枢纽节点数据中心集群范围内。in force (policy)生效(政策)2024-07-03新建大型和超大型数据中心应优先布局在全国一体化算力网络国家枢纽节点数据中心集群范围内link链接
Policies政策In principle, no new cluster or large data-centre project is planned in a city whose data centres in use for over a year are less than 50% occupied.市域内已建成投用 1 年以上的数据中心整体上架率低于 50% 的,原则上不再规划建设新的数据中心集群及大型和超大型数据中心项目。in force (policy)生效(政策)2024-07-03整体上架率低于 50%的,原则上不再规划建设新的数据中心集群及大型和超大型数据中心项目link链接
Policies政策Target for the end of 2025: hub-node regions provide more than 60% of the country's new computing capacity.到 2025 年底,国家枢纽节点地区各类新增算力占全国新增算力的 60% 以上(目标)。target目标2025-12-31国家枢纽节点地区各类新增算力占全国新增算力的 60%以上link链接
Policies政策The 15th Five-Year Plan for the new power system (NDRC and NEA, August 2026) adds power–computing coordination: "use power to strengthen computing, use computing to promote power" and raise the green-power share of computing facilities (no numeric share stated in the report read here).《新型电力系统建设“十五五”规划》(国家发展改革委、国家能源局,2026 年 8 月)提出算电协同:“做到以电强算、以算促电”“提高算力设施绿电占比”(所读报道未给出比例数值)。in force (policy)生效(政策)2026-08-03规划提出“做到以电强算、以算促电”“提高算力设施绿电占比” Plan wording as quoted by Xinhua (archived copy); the plan text itself was not reachable.新华社报道引用的规划原文(存档副本);规划全文未能读取。link链接
Policies政策By 2030, waste-heat use from new large data centres in the northern heating regions should rise markedly (no number given).到 2030 年底,北方采暖地区新建大型及以上数据中心余热利用率明显提升(未给数值)。target目标2030-12-31北方采暖地区新建大型及以上数据中心余热利用率明显提升link链接
Efficiency rules能效要求National target for the end of 2025: average data-centre PUE below 1.5 and overall rack occupancy of at least 60%.全国目标:到 2025 年底,数据中心平均电能利用效率(PUE)降至 1.5 以下,整体上架率不低于 60%。target目标2025-12-31整体上架率不低于 60%,平均电能利用效率降至 1.5 以下link链接
Efficiency rules能效要求By the end of 2025, new and expanded large and hyperscale data centres should reach PUE 1.25 or below.到 2025 年底,新建及改扩建大型和超大型数据中心 PUE 降至 1.25 以内。target目标2025-12-31新建及改扩建大型和超大型数据中心电能利用效率降至 1.25 以内link链接
Efficiency rules能效要求Data-centre projects in the national hub nodes must not exceed PUE 1.2 ("不得高于", a requirement set for the end of 2025 in the 2024 action plan, which also calls for strict energy-conservation review of new projects).国家枢纽节点数据中心项目 PUE 不得高于 1.2(2024 年行动计划定于 2025 年底的要求;计划同时要求严格新上项目节能审查)。in force (policy)生效(政策)2025-12-31国家枢纽节点数据中心项目电能利用效率不得高于 1.2 The plan pairs the rule with strict energy-conservation review of new projects ("严格数据中心项目节能审查"); whether a project without review approval can proceed is not stated here.行动计划把此要求与“严格数据中心项目节能审查”并列;本文未说明未通过审查的项目能否推进。link链接
Efficiency rules能效要求Average PUE of the country's computing centres fell to 1.42 by the end of June 2025 (MIIT data).截至 2025 年 6 月底,全国算力中心平均 PUE 降至 1.42(工信部数据)。actual实际2025-06-30全国算力中心平均电能利用效率(PUE)降至1.42link链接
Efficiency rules能效要求The government will study tiered electricity prices for existing data centres below the energy-saving level and for new ones below the advanced level, scaled by the efficiency gap (a study, not yet a national tariff).国家将研究对能效低于节能水平的存量数据中心和能效未达到先进水平的在建、拟建数据中心,依据能效差距执行阶梯电价(研究阶段,尚非全国电价政策)。planned计划2024-07-03依据能效水平差距执行阶梯电价link链接
Efficiency rules能效要求Shanghai (2022 plan, 沪经信节〔2022〕918号): new data centres PUE no higher than 1.3 during the 14th Five-Year Plan, large data centres in the Yangtze River Delta hub below 1.25; for 2026–2030, new data centres aim for below 1.25 and retrofitted existing ones for no higher than 1.4.上海(2022 年方案,沪经信节〔2022〕918 号):“十四五”期间新建数据中心 PUE 不高于 1.3,长三角枢纽节点大型数据中心降至 1.25 以下;“十五五”期间新建数据中心 PUE 力争 1.25 以下,既有数据中心改造后力争不高于 1.4。target目标2022-11新建数据中心能源利用效率(PUE)力争 1.25 以下,既有数据中心实施改造后,力争能源利用效率(PUE)不高于 1.4link链接
Efficiency rules能效要求Beijing: existing data centres using 5 GWh or more a year must meet the PUE limit of 1.35 in local standard DB11/T 1139-2023; the city aims for an annual average PUE below 1.35 by 2027.北京:年用电 500 万千瓦时及以上的存量数据中心,实际 PUE 应满足地方标准《数据中心能源效率限额》(DB11/T 1139-2023)的限定值 1.35;目标是到 2027 年年均 PUE 降至 1.35 以下。in force生效中2024-11-15存量数据中心实际PUE值应满足本市现行地方标准《数据中心能源效率限额》(DB11/T 1139-2023)规定的限定值1.35link链接
Efficiency rules能效要求Beijing: from 2026, data centres whose previous-year PUE exceeds the limit pay a surcharge of 0.2 yuan per kWh on the share of electricity above the limit (0.5 yuan per kWh above PUE 1.7, the point the rule's note computes as 1 + (1.35 − 1) × 2); the scheme covers existing data centres using 5 GWh or more a year.北京:自 2026 年起,上一年度实际 PUE 超过限定值的数据中心,超限定值部分电量每千瓦时加价 0.2 元(超过 PUE 1.7,即规则所定义的“限定值一倍”,加价 0.5 元);方案适用于年用电 500 万千瓦时及以上的存量数据中心。in force from 2026-01-01自 2026-01-01 生效2024-11-15对于PUE值超过标准限定值一倍(含)以内的数据中心,超限定值部分执行电价加价标准为每千瓦时加价0.2元link链接
Power电力By the end of 2025, more than 80% of the electricity of new data centres in the national hub nodes should be green power.到 2025 年底,国家枢纽节点新建数据中心绿电占比超过 80%。target目标2025-12-31国家枢纽节点新建数据中心绿电占比超过 80%link链接
Power电力New data centres in the national hub nodes already carry a green-power consumption share requirement; the renewable-consumption Measures (NDRC Order No. 42) that extend such targets to key energy-using sectors apply from 1 August 2026.国家枢纽节点新建数据中心已有绿色电力消费比例要求;把消费最低比重目标扩展到重点用能行业的《可再生能源消费最低比重目标和可再生能源电力消纳责任权重制度实施办法》(国家发展改革委等令第 42 号)自 2026 年 8 月 1 日起施行。in force生效中2026-06-22已经对电解铝、钢铁、水泥、多晶硅和国家枢纽节点新建数据中心等提出了绿色电力消费比例要求link链接
Power电力The NEA says new data centres in Horinger (Inner Mongolia), Qingyang (Gansu) and other such places already take more than 80% of their electricity from green power.国家能源局称,内蒙古和林格尔、甘肃庆阳等地新建数据中心的绿电消费占比已超过 80%。actual实际2026-05-26内蒙古和林格尔、甘肃庆阳等地新建数据中心的绿电消费占比已超80%link链接
Power电力The action plan supports "data-power joint operation": power plants may supply new data centres with electricity, steam and water.行动计划支持探索“数电联营”模式,支持电厂为新建数据中心提供电力、蒸汽、水等资源服务。guideline指引2024-07-03探索数电联营模式,支持电厂为新建数据中心提供电力、蒸汽、水等资源服务link链接
Water水New and expanded data-centre projects get a stronger water-saving evaluation, to raise water-use efficiency while securing reasonable water demand; no numeric WUE limit is set in the plan.加强新建及改扩建数据中心项目节水评价工作,提升水资源利用效率,保证合理用水需求;行动计划未设 WUE 数值上限。guideline指引2024-07-03加强新建及改扩建数据中心项目节水评价工作,提升数据中心水资源利用效率,保证合理用水需求link链接
Water水National standards for data-centre water-saving evaluation, water-use quotas and water-saving enterprises are to be set up.将建立数据中心节水评价、用水定额、节水型企业等标准。planned计划2024-07-03建立数据中心节水评价、用水定额、节水型企业等标准link链接
Water水Siting of AI computing centres should weigh their new energy and water demand against local resources.引导智算中心规范化建设时,综合考虑数据中心新增用能用水需求和资源保障能力。guideline指引2024-07-03综合考虑数据中心新增用能用水需求和资源保障能力link链接
Projects项目Alibaba Group, China and overseas (company total)中国及海外(公司合计): At least RMB 380 billion over three years for cloud and AI infrastructure (a plan; no MW stated; not China-only)未来三年至少投入人民币 3,800 亿元用于云计算和 AI 基础设施(计划;未写 MW;不限于中国)investment投资2025-02-24計劃未來三年將投入至少人民幣 3,800 億元(530 億美元),用於建設雲計算和 AI 基礎設施link链接
Projects项目GDS Holdings, Mainland China (company portfolio)中国内地(公司组合): 784,802 m² committed and pre-committed at 30 June 2026, up 18.2% in a year (stated as floor area; MW not stated in the filing)截至 2026 年 6 月 30 日已承诺及预承诺面积 784,802 平方米,同比增长 18.2%(按面积公布;公告未写 MW)capacity容量2026-06-30Total area committed and pre-committed increased by 18.2% Y-o-Y to 784,802 sqm as of June 30, 2026link链接
Projects项目China Datang, Zhongwei, Ningxia (hub node)宁夏中卫(枢纽节点): 2 GW (200万千瓦) renewable generation project supplying green power to the Datang Zhongwei cloud-base data centre (generation capacity, not data-centre load; photo caption)为大唐中卫云基地数据中心供应绿电的 200 万千瓦新能源项目(发电装机,不是数据中心负荷;图片说明)capacity容量2026-02-10大唐中卫云基地数据中心绿电供应200万千瓦新能源项目link链接
Climate气候Beijing (Capital Airport)北京(首都机场) (54511099999), W20 at 5 K: 4,478 hours a year; single years 4,355–4,673; lowest-year coverage 96%、5 K:每年 4,478 小时;单年 4,355–4,673;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA
Climate气候Beijing (Capital Airport)北京(首都机场) (54511099999), W20 at 10 K: 3,490 hours a year; single years 3,384–3,644; lowest-year coverage 96%、10 K:每年 3,490 小时;单年 3,384–3,644;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA
Climate气候Beijing (Capital Airport)北京(首都机场) (54511099999), W20 at 15 K: 2,590 hours a year; single years 2,450–2,720; lowest-year coverage 96%、15 K:每年 2,590 小时;单年 2,450–2,720;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA
Climate气候Beijing (Capital Airport)北京(首都机场) (54511099999), W25 at 5 K: 5,602 hours a year; single years 5,434–5,773; lowest-year coverage 96%、5 K:每年 5,602 小时;单年 5,434–5,773;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA
Climate气候Beijing (Capital Airport)北京(首都机场) (54511099999), W25 at 10 K: 4,478 hours a year; single years 4,355–4,673; lowest-year coverage 96%、10 K:每年 4,478 小时;单年 4,355–4,673;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA
Climate气候Beijing (Capital Airport)北京(首都机场) (54511099999), W25 at 15 K: 3,490 hours a year; single years 3,384–3,644; lowest-year coverage 96%、15 K:每年 3,490 小时;单年 3,384–3,644;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA
Climate气候Beijing (Capital Airport)北京(首都机场) (54511099999), W32 at 5 K: 7,612 hours a year; single years 7,431–7,876; lowest-year coverage 96%、5 K:每年 7,612 小时;单年 7,431–7,876;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA
Climate气候Beijing (Capital Airport)北京(首都机场) (54511099999), W32 at 10 K: 6,162 hours a year; single years 5,958–6,374; lowest-year coverage 96%、10 K:每年 6,162 小时;单年 5,958–6,374;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA
Climate气候Beijing (Capital Airport)北京(首都机场) (54511099999), W32 at 15 K: 4,892 hours a year; single years 4,763–5,046; lowest-year coverage 96%、15 K:每年 4,892 小时;单年 4,763–5,046;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA
Climate气候Beijing (Capital Airport)北京(首都机场) (54511099999), W40 at 5 K: 8,689 hours a year; single years 8,577–8,737; lowest-year coverage 96%、5 K:每年 8,689 小时;单年 8,577–8,737;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA
Climate气候Beijing (Capital Airport)北京(首都机场) (54511099999), W40 at 10 K: 8,219 hours a year; single years 8,045–8,445; lowest-year coverage 96%、10 K:每年 8,219 小时;单年 8,045–8,445;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA
Climate气候Beijing (Capital Airport)北京(首都机场) (54511099999), W40 at 15 K: 7,063 hours a year; single years 6,868–7,322; lowest-year coverage 96%、15 K:每年 7,063 小时;单年 6,868–7,322;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA
Climate气候Beijing (Capital Airport)北京(首都机场) (54511099999), W45 at 5 K: 8,758 hours a year; single years 8,752–8,760; lowest-year coverage 96%、5 K:每年 8,758 小时;单年 8,752–8,760;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA
Climate气候Beijing (Capital Airport)北京(首都机场) (54511099999), W45 at 10 K: 8,689 hours a year; single years 8,577–8,737; lowest-year coverage 96%、10 K:每年 8,689 小时;单年 8,577–8,737;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA
Climate气候Beijing (Capital Airport)北京(首都机场) (54511099999), W45 at 15 K: 8,219 hours a year; single years 8,045–8,445; lowest-year coverage 96%、15 K:每年 8,219 小时;单年 8,045–8,445;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA
Climate气候Shanghai (Hongqiao)上海(虹桥) (58367099999), W20 at 5 K: 3,310 hours a year; single years 3,200–3,430; lowest-year coverage 96%、5 K:每年 3,310 小时;单年 3,200–3,430;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA
Climate气候Shanghai (Hongqiao)上海(虹桥) (58367099999), W20 at 10 K: 2,061 hours a year; single years 1,860–2,211; lowest-year coverage 96%、10 K:每年 2,061 小时;单年 1,860–2,211;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA
Climate气候Shanghai (Hongqiao)上海(虹桥) (58367099999), W20 at 15 K: 754 hours a year; single years 515–970; lowest-year coverage 96%、15 K:每年 754 小时;单年 515–970;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA
Climate气候Shanghai (Hongqiao)上海(虹桥) (58367099999), W25 at 5 K: 4,756 hours a year; single years 4,629–4,954; lowest-year coverage 96%、5 K:每年 4,756 小时;单年 4,629–4,954;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA
Climate气候Shanghai (Hongqiao)上海(虹桥) (58367099999), W25 at 10 K: 3,310 hours a year; single years 3,200–3,430; lowest-year coverage 96%、10 K:每年 3,310 小时;单年 3,200–3,430;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA
Climate气候Shanghai (Hongqiao)上海(虹桥) (58367099999), W25 at 15 K: 2,061 hours a year; single years 1,860–2,211; lowest-year coverage 96%、15 K:每年 2,061 小时;单年 1,860–2,211;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA
Climate气候Shanghai (Hongqiao)上海(虹桥) (58367099999), W32 at 5 K: 6,977 hours a year; single years 6,701–7,337; lowest-year coverage 96%、5 K:每年 6,977 小时;单年 6,701–7,337;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA
Climate气候Shanghai (Hongqiao)上海(虹桥) (58367099999), W32 at 10 K: 5,369 hours a year; single years 5,176–5,552; lowest-year coverage 96%、10 K:每年 5,369 小时;单年 5,176–5,552;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA
Climate气候Shanghai (Hongqiao)上海(虹桥) (58367099999), W32 at 15 K: 3,859 hours a year; single years 3,746–3,933; lowest-year coverage 96%、15 K:每年 3,859 小时;单年 3,746–3,933;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA
Climate气候Shanghai (Hongqiao)上海(虹桥) (58367099999), W40 at 5 K: 8,642 hours a year; single years 8,535–8,742; lowest-year coverage 96%、5 K:每年 8,642 小时;单年 8,535–8,742;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA
Climate气候Shanghai (Hongqiao)上海(虹桥) (58367099999), W40 at 10 K: 7,925 hours a year; single years 7,644–8,123; lowest-year coverage 96%、10 K:每年 7,925 小时;单年 7,644–8,123;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA
Climate气候Shanghai (Hongqiao)上海(虹桥) (58367099999), W40 at 15 K: 6,321 hours a year; single years 6,105–6,638; lowest-year coverage 96%、15 K:每年 6,321 小时;单年 6,105–6,638;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA
Climate气候Shanghai (Hongqiao)上海(虹桥) (58367099999), W45 at 5 K: 8,760 hours a year; single years 8,760–8,760; lowest-year coverage 96%、5 K:每年 8,760 小时;单年 8,760–8,760;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA
Climate气候Shanghai (Hongqiao)上海(虹桥) (58367099999), W45 at 10 K: 8,642 hours a year; single years 8,535–8,742; lowest-year coverage 96%、10 K:每年 8,642 小时;单年 8,535–8,742;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA
Climate气候Shanghai (Hongqiao)上海(虹桥) (58367099999), W45 at 15 K: 7,925 hours a year; single years 7,644–8,123; lowest-year coverage 96%、15 K:每年 7,925 小时;单年 7,644–8,123;最低单年覆盖率 96%computed by this site本站计算2020–2024NOAA